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Glossary

AI terms, briefly explained.

Terms that come up in discussions about AI in business, each explained in a few sentences. As of October 2026.

AI agentBasics
An AI system that completes tasks autonomously in several steps: it reads, searches, calculates, uses tools and saves results. Unlike a chat, an agent acts, so it needs permissions, boundaries, checks and an audit trail. More
Agentic OrganizationField 01
A company that has settled who uses AI and AI agents for what, who approves and what evidence exists, and whose staff are trained for it. More
Agentic AutomationField 02
AI agents handle ongoing processes in existing systems, such as quotes, orders or complaints. Unlike hard-coded automation, they cope with changing documents. More
Agentic EngineeringField 03
German: Agentische Entwicklung. AI agents write software or design parts from a specification, with automatic checks. More
Agentic WorkbenchSoftware
A work environment where every person has their own AI agent. Isolated, with approved models and a gateway enforcing rules, permissions and logging. More
Human in the loopPrinciple
A person decides at defined points before a result takes effect, particularly where money, access or customers are involved.
Model Context Protocol (MCP)Technology
An open standard through which AI agents use tools and data from other systems. MCP gives an agent exactly the tools it needs for a task.
EU AI ActLaw
EU Regulation 2024/1689, known as the AI Act. It classifies AI systems by risk and applies in stages from 2025 to 2028; the 2026 AI Omnibus changed deadlines. More
High-risk AI systemLaw
An AI system strictly regulated by the AI Act because of its purpose, for example recruitment or a safety component in machinery. Obligations apply from December 2027 or August 2028. More
AI literacyLaw
The knowledge needed to use AI competently and to check its results. Article 4 of the EU AI Act covers it; since the AI Omnibus of July 2026 it is promoted mainly by the Commission and the Member States.
AI Management System (AIMS)Governance
Rules, roles, registers and evidence through which a company selects, approves, operates and monitors AI. More
ISO/IEC 42001Standard
The international standard for AI management systems, published in 2023. It allows certification, which the AI Act does not require. More
Shadow AIPractice
AI tools used within a company without registration or approval, such as browser extensions or private chat accounts. An AI register makes them visible.
Design as codeField 03
Parametric CAD where a part is described as a program, for example with build123d or CadQuery. Versionable, testable and designed for variants. More
STEP fileTechnology
A standardised interchange format for 3D geometry (ISO 10303). It opens in all common CAD systems.
FEA pre-checkTechnology
An early strength analysis using the finite element method. It reveals weaknesses before printing but does not replace final design validation. More
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